Smart Successful Selling Why You Should Have An...

Goal: to create a blog post for eddymindlin.com Total Word Count In This Document: 975 Title: ?Smart Successful Selling: Why You Should Have An Organized System? It?s no secret that organization is one of the keys to success. You can?t be messy and disorganized if you want to be successful at something. You have to be focused, driven, hard working, and, above all, organized. You have to be clean, orderly, and in control not just when it comes to the state of your workspace, like how much clutter is on your desk or where you keep all your pens and folders, but with how you approach and accomplish all your tasks or how you track and monitor the operations, productivity, and progress of your business. When it comes to smart and†¦show more content†¦Otherwise, by being impatience you could forgo organization and rush all the steps in the process, creating disorganization and disorder and thus inhibiting the progress and overall success of your business. So don?t cheat or destroy your own system. Remember to just be patient. It will pay off for you and your business in the long run! Next, make every moment of your time count instead of wasting time, even if it?s just a minute. Work smart by recognizing the value of your time for the success of you and your business and using that recognition to fuel productivity. Improve and maintain your overall productivity by keeping a strict schedule, keeping track of tasks and goals, both short term and long term, not just for you but for the other members in your business?s team. Then, keep things in your business moving along through ?the tube?, or a visual concept that allows you to keep projects moving ahead towards completion by imagining them going through a tube. Whether it?s building your client database by selling hard or keeping track of referrals, use this visual concept of the ?tube? to motivate you to complete all the tasks that you need to complete as smoothly and swiftly as you can. Visual concepts like these aren?t just good motivators, they?re also good mental checks for staying organized and keeping to your system of organization. Next, always be on the alert for new ideas, whether it?s innovative strategies for selling that can save

America Should Have Stricter Gun Control Free Essays

The scene is all too recognizable. A troubled person pulls out a gun in a school, an office, or a shopping center, and he or she slaughters innocent men, women, and children. Recently, mass murders have occurred at Columbine High School, Virginia Tech University, and Omaha’s Westroads Mall (Schwartz). We will write a custom essay sample on America Should Have Stricter Gun Control or any similar topic only for you Order Now These tragedies are not inevitable, so people wonder one question. Are guns in our society getting out of control? Four out of every ten Americans own a gun; which leads to the perception that America has returned to the Wild Wild West. In fact, it is to be assumed that where guns are present, there is a higher risk of drug abuse, crime, and accidents. About 31,224 people died from gun violence in 2007. In just one day, 268 people were shot in murders, assaults, suicides, accidents, or by police intervention (Grunwald). Not only do four out of ten Americans have gun ownership, but an additional three out of four Americans believe that the Second Amendment guarantees an individual the right to carry a gun. Hypothetically, these people believe that they have a right to bear arms and that right should not be infringed. Part of the reason why there are such outrageous statistics is because there is lost momentum towards gun control (Schwartz). People are discomforted by the fact that a ridiculous 15 years have passed since there has been an urge for gun legislation on the federal level. In the 2008 presidential campaign, neither Hillary Clinton nor Barack Obama talked at all about gun control. In fact, Obama received an F for leadership on gun control to prevent gun violence from â€Å"A Brady Campaign† (Grunwald). However, Barack Obama did acknowledge the gun control dilemma only enough to make it seem unimportant in comparison to other issues he takes on. Obama stated â€Å"We essentially have two realities when it comes to guns in this country. We can reconcile those two realities by making sure the Second Amendment is respected and that people are able to lawfully own guns, but that we also start cracking down on the kinds of abuses of firearms that we see on the streets† (Schwartz). Guns are given with laws, and when people continuously break those laws, the government should tackle the issue; America has returned to the Wild Wild West. Along with Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama ignoring the issue, Congress has done hardly anything to toughen gun control laws. In truth, Congress has relaxed the laws very little. For example, in 2003, Congress passed an amendment to block the government from publicly releasing most data that trace guns used in crimes. In 2005, Congress gave gun manufacturers immunity to lawsuits if their firearms were used in crimes. Andy Goddard’s son, Nick, who was injured in the Virginia Tech shooting said, â€Å"people don’t know how poorly protected they are† (Schwartz). Along with the lost momentum towards stricter gun control, America has become more dangerous. According to the article â€Å"In Congress, the Uphill Battle for Gun Control†, where guns are present, there are more likely to be drug abuse, crime, and accidents. Supposedly, the main challenge in discovering guns used in crimes is the insufficient amount of research on exactly which laws help cut down on gun shootings. Research by Emma Schwartz proved laws that demand owners to shield their children by keeping their guns locked or unloaded decreased deaths among children in Florida, but not in Connecticut or California. Laws that allow people to carry weapons, which advocates say tend to discourage criminals from shooting, have brought little meaningful decrease in crime. Therefore, America is violently out of control. Also, the article â€Å"Fire Away† states, â€Å"Nationally, less than 1% of all gun deaths involve self-defense; the rest are homicides, suicides, and accidents. In a study of 23 high-income countries, the U. S. had 80% of the gun deaths, along with a gun homicide rate nearly 20 times higher than the rest of the sample. Also, in one year, more than 100,000 people die from gun violence in America (Grunwald). Some people question the president’s concern. At one time, Barack Obama promised to reinstate a federal ban on certain semiautomatic assault guns. The ban was initially passed by the Democratic-controlled Congress in 1994 and lapsed five years ago. Rep. Carolyn McCarthy, a New York Democrat, is extremely impatient with the party’s silence. With every right to be impatient, a gunman randomly fired on a Long Island commuter train on Dec. , 1993 and murdered her husband while severely injuring her son. However, when she addressed the issue to Obama, the response given was, â€Å"that’s not for now, that’s for later† (Isikoff). To emphasize that America has become an unsafe society; On the morning of April 4, 2010, Richard Poplawski got into an argument with his mother. The argument was over the family‘s dog urinating on the carpet. Richard’s mother called the police to have her 22-year-old son confiscated from her house. Richard Poplawski and his mother live in what portrays to be, a rough neighborhood. Responding as police would to any other situation, two officers responded to the call, assuming that it was a typical familial dispute. Margaret Poplawski greeted them by saying, â€Å"Come and take his ass. † But little did they know Richard Poplawski, who recently was fired from his job in a glass factory, had other ideas. He went to a private, hidden section of the house, where he grabbed his guns and put on a bulletproof vest. Poplawski shot officer Paul J. Sciullo II, 37, inside the house and hit 29-year-old Stephen Mayhle on the stoop. Immediately, both men feel dead. Looking calm and collected, Poplawski stood in the doorway and fired two or three more bullets into Mayhle’s body, according to a witness. Then, he ran back into the house and fired hundreds of rounds, using an AK-47 assault rifle and other weapons to slay off a police SWAT team for four hours. He killed another officer, 41-year-old Eric Kelly, and wounded a cop (Isikoff). Poplawski’s cringing story is an ideal example of how America lacks gun control. Years ago, national political leaders would have raised questions or concerns about how such a person like Poplawski could easily get his hands on high-powered guns. They might have been even more driven because Poplawski’s cop-killing rampage was part of a rise of mass homicides that have caused 58 people dead over the past month. Or the fact that Mexico’s high violent drug cartels equip themselves with high-powered weapons, purchased at U. S. gun control measures are silent. These are including Obama White House officials who have put the lid on any talk in pushing further gun-control measures (Isikoff). With the increasing numbers in drug abuse, crime, and accidents, America has a bad reputation. Sadly, there is lost momentum towards gun control including relaxed gun laws, Obama ignoring the issue, and Congress doing hardly anything. Four out of every ten Americans own a gun; which leads to the perception that America has returned to the Wild Wild West. The fact that there were mass murders at Columbine High School, Virginia Tech University, and Omaha’s Westroads Mall is not okay. The fact that 31,224 people were dead from gun violence in the year of 2007 is not normal. The fact that four out of every ten Americans own a gun is not tolerable. Because America has lenient gun control makes our country wilder than the Wild Wild West. How to cite America Should Have Stricter Gun Control, Papers

Leverage Strategy in Business Ethics †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Leverage Strategy in Business Ethics. Answer: Introduction Business ethics have always played a vital role in the growth and development of most business organizations by positively contributing to increased productivity by ensuring that business practices and operations are conducted by the organizational standards with the aim of meeting the organizational, individual and stakeholders expectations are met. Ethical standards or factors are therefore important in decision making especially when an unethical behavior occurs affecting the reputation of the organization as well as the stakeholders of the company (Burrell, 2017). Unethical dealing or behavior is acting outside of what an individual or organization considers being morally right or proper. Workplace ethics are important as they ensure that there is transparency in business dealings and builds investor or customer trust with an organization. However, an organizational ethical culture is shaped by effective leadership. Organizational leadership has however been faced with ethical di lemmas in which they find themselves in a situation to choose between two options neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable manner (Arnold, 2016). Various theoretical concepts or models have been developed to help in understanding the basis of ethical decision-making and leadership in many organizations who may be facing or accused of unethical dealings or experiencing ethical dilemmas. These theories include utilitarian theory, stakeholder approaches theory, the interrogative social contracts theory, the justice approach theory among others. This essay will therefore provide the theoretical framework of the unethical dealings of the Wells Fargo Company in which her employees were found to have created fake accounts in the name of their real customers. The creation of such accounts was found to be an unethical behavior or dealing and resulted to damaged reputation of the company as well as loss of customers confidence and trust with the company (Fryer, 2016). The study will also examine the application of the theoretical concepts, in this case, the utilitarian theory and the stakeholder theory in understanding the company uneth ical dealings and how they could be solved as well as why ethical behavior is important for the future growth and development of the company. Brief overview of the Wells Fargo Company Wells Fargo and Company is an international bank in America that works as a financial services holding company. It is the 10th largest bank in the world and has its headquarters in San Francisco in the US. It was formed by William Fargo and Henry Wells and has total assets of $ 1 930.12B. The company has been operating on three different segments including community and wholesale banking, wealth, and investment banking. It also offers retail, commercial services, and corporate banking to its customers through the internet and other distribution channels to individuals and other distribution, businesses and institutions in over 50 states in the US as well as in other countries (Cavico Mujtaba, 2017). The company has been faced with great ethical issues of concern since 2011 however through relevant investigations in the year2015 and 2016 it was found that the company employees were creating fake accounts in the name of real customers. According to the investigation by the Federal regulators, it was found that the company employees had secretly created millions of unauthorized bank and credit card accounts without the knowledge of their customers. This effect led to the accounts earning the banks unwarranted fees and allowed Wells Fargo employees to boost their salary figures and an opportunity to make more money (Francs-Gmez et al., 2015). Another reason for opening or creating the multiple accounts as investigated by the director or management of the consumer service financial protection Bureau found that the employees created these accounts to hit their sales targets and receive bonuses. This shoddy behavior led to the firing of 5300 employees form the company who were held responsible for the unethical behavior (Neesham Gu, 2015). From the investigation by the regulators, it was found that the employees had moved funds from existing customer accounts that ended up making the customers be charged with insufficient funds and overdrafts due to the insufficiency of funds in their original accounts. It was also found that the financial institution had submitted an application for 565 443 credit accounts without their customer's consent or knowledge was 14, 000 of these accounts were found to have incurred over $ 400000 in fees, including annual fees, interest charges and overdrafts (Kaptein, 2017). These charges were to be paid to the respective customers by the Bank in which the management of the company recognized its mistakes and committed itself to taking full responsibility irresponsibility of its workers that calls for a need to make a change to its sales practices as well as its internal oversight. Such unethical behavior by the employees as well as lack of oversight and internal control by the company, therefore, resulted in lack or reduction of customers confidence and trust and many customers have been advised to look for other banks to invest or make their deposits to. Such behavior has led to an increased burden of costs to the bank in paying for the charges and the overdrafts in the customers accounts as well as the burden of rebuilding its destroyed reputation. Organizations are required to act responsibly by practicing in ethical standards that ensure they achieve social corporate responsibility (Preuss et al., 2016). Theoretical perspectives of business ethics and decision-making Different theoretical concepts and school of thoughts have been developed to help different organizations make decisions and act appropriately in event of unethical behaviors in their organizations. The theoretical concepts and frameworks provide different insights and understanding of evaluating different behaviors in an organization to help minimize the occurrence of unethical behaviors with appropriate internal control mechanisms (Doh et al., 2016). Some of these theoretical frameworks include the utilitarian theory, the stakeholder theory and integrative social contract theory among others. However, this study will focus on the understanding of utilitarian theory as well as the stakeholder's approach theory in understanding the business ethics surrounding the situation faced by Wells Fargo and company in understanding her employees unethical behavior. The theory was developed and proposed by Jeremy Bethany and John Stuart Mills to help in understanding normative ethics that define the morality of individual or organizational actions. The theory is based on the principle that an individual or organization moral action is one that maximizes utility or happiness for the greatest number of people and the fact that actions are right or moral in proportion as they tend to promote happiness or well-being for the greater good of all (Rath, 2016). It is believed that any ethical theory, moral standards are separable into good and bad. The utilitarian theory argues that the good morals are defined as the existence of pleasure and absence of pain that is described as a utility. In this case, the utility is used to refer to any action that maximizes total benefit while reducing negative consequences of the largest number of people that simply means that something or a behavior is good if it does better than harm for many people (Cavico Mujta ba, 2017). This theory is one of the best-known and most influential moral theories and its main idea is that whether actions are morally right or wrong depends on their effects. And therefore the utilitarians believe that the purpose of morality is to make life better by increasing the amount of ethical behavior for most business organizations and the corporate world at large (Yazdani Murad, 2015). The utilitarian reasoning can applicable for many purposes. One of the purposes includes moral reasoning by employees in the organization and for any rational decision-making. This theory, therefore, can be used in understanding the unethical behavior facing the Wells Fargo company and arising from her employees. Since the theory advocates for ethical behavior to be practiced for the greater good of all other people and not only for an individual gain it can be concluded that the employees of Wells Fargo Company did not mind about the company reputation and its social corporate responsibility to it s stakeholders and more so to the company customers. Criticism of the theory However the theory despite its importance in understanding business ethics it has been criticized by different scholars for a number of reasons in which according to them the theory does not meet their threshold of understanding business behavior. One of the critics of the theory has been that the theory has been criticized to be distasteful suggesting that the theory does not provide enough support for individual rights (Bhasa, 2017). The argument, in this case, is that it overemphasizes of moral actions that promote the greater good of all without taking into account the individual rights. If this critic were to hold true in our case it would mean that, the employees were right to create fake accounts so that they may hit their target. The creation of such accounts is not the case as it is a business ethics to conduct business operations having in mind the effect it will bring to all the stakeholders in the company that is what this theory was promoting and therefore this critic ca n be said to be irrelevant in making organizational decisions. The theory has also been criticized of impossibility meaning that the theory is not applicable in which the people criticizing the application of the theory based their idea on the fact that it is impossible to measure happiness or utility o consumers or customers. However, in our case, it is possible to measure the utility of the bank's customers based on their exhibited behavior towards the bank (Ayios et al., 2014). If the organization does not meet the demands and expectations of their customers then the customers will look for other banks, when the bank employees act in any unethical manner the productivity of the company is reduced as well as the confidence of the people with the bank that can be measured. Lastly, the theory has been positively criticized for insufficiency of the scope for not using some important source of information to explain happiness or satisfaction. The theory can integrate other sources of information in relation to the social corporate responsibility o f business practices for the theory to become even more relevant in the future (Fok et al., 2016). Personal evaluation of the theory and the unethical behaviors of the Wells Fargo Employees The theory of utilitarian on my personal perspective plays an important role in understanding the basis of acting morally under the principle that a good or moral action should be of maximum benefit to the greater population other than just an individual. This means that an individual before committing any unethical behavior he or she should look at the impact that action will have on other people before looking to the common good he or she would receive from such an act. In this case, therefore, the employees of Wells could have thought of the impact of their behavior to the customers and to the organizations at large before thinking of their personal motives that later did cost them their jobs and put the company into a financial crisis. The self-interests and motives of hitting their sales targets as well as increasing their income made them overlook the greater good of the company and its customers. The theory is therefore relevant and can be used by the organization to teach the employees about the importance of putting the interests of the customers first and conducting their business activities in an ethical manner. This theory was developed or proposed by Freeman in a bid to explain the concepts of business ethics in an organization. The theory suggests, therefore, that the purpose of a business is always to create as much value as possible for stakeholders and therefore for the business to succeed and become sustainable in future the business executives must keep the interests of the customers and all other stakeholders in the business aligned and going in the same direction. The theory, therefore, argues that every business creates or destroys customer values as well as that of the communities, suppliers, financiers, and employees. The general idea about the theory is that it tries to answer what an organization should be and how it shall be conceptualized. The theory or concept it should be thought of as a grouping of stakeholders and the purpose of the organization is said that it should be aimed at managing the stakeholders needs, interests, and recipients. The business stakeholders, in this case, include customers, local communities, employees, shareholders, as well as distributors. The theory, therefore, builds a framework responsive to the concerns of the managers who are being confronted with unprecedented levels of environmental change. The company decisions in many ways affect the stakeholders and therefore the company through the managers has to build specific ethics principles whereas decisions made out of consideration of their impacts are usually ought to be. Therefore, the theory is important in the analysis of the behavior of Wells Fargo company employees and provides a vital role for the managem ent of the company to respond appropriately to enhance the company internal control mechanisms as well as the decision-making processes of the company. Criticisms of the stakeholder theory The theory has however been criticized by a number of people for a number of reasons in which most critics just like Teppo feels that the theory is not sufficient and therefore offers an unrealistic view of how organizations operate (Lankoski et al., 2016). In his view, an organization is said to be a shell that can be written upon freely by various groups surrounding the company that lay a claim to the company. Therefore, the functions of the company do not revolve around meeting the interests of their stakeholders but operate in a broader perspective in which it has to achieve certain goals and objectives. The theory has also been criticized that it does not sufficiently explain why a stakeholder is as it broad. It suggests that the company stakeholder community should include everyone who is affected by an organization. However, the argument the critics are of the view that the theory should distinguish between non stakeholders influencers in the company and the true influencers as the concept of stakeholdership is a concept which is more than just a union o influence and impact (Bridoux et al., 2016). Lastly, the theory has also been criticized as lacking an explicit specification of the relationship between stakeholders and economic reasoning. This is because the theory in one hand has achieved a certain degree of acceptance in the company strategic management functions but on the other hand, there is substantial economic resistance to the shareholders (Schneider et al., 2017). However, the criticisms do not affect the relevance of the theory in defining the organizational responsib ility towards shareholders as it the case Wells Fargo Company that has a great responsibility towards the stakeholder community. Personal evaluation of the theory in relation to Wells Fargo Unethical behavior This theory, therefore, provides a basis of understanding of the responsibility and the role-played by the company management team and especially by the manager in meeting the demands of the company stakeholders. In other words, managers have a greater responsibility towards the stakeholders of the company other than just in the economic value of the company and will do anything, in this case, to meet and protect the interests of the stakeholders. For instance, in the case of our company in which the employees created fake accounts using the real names of customers. The company reputation and image was destroyed and the company had to take full responsibility to ensure that it owns its mistakes as a company for lack of internal control mechanisms to deal with such issues and committed itself in compensation of the loss incurred by their customers who form part of their stakeholders. Despite the mistakes arising from stakeholders, the company had to deal with them separately after own ing to their mistakes as a company. Conclusion Business ethics in any organized form a very important role in enhancing the growth and development of the company as well as helping the company to become socially and corporately responsible. Every organization has an established ethics and code of conducts that have been developed to guide the company operations according to the established standards and ensuring that they minimize the chances of unethical behavior from the employees or any other which may affect the growth and development of the company (Kristen, 2015). A good leadership is very important as it helps in promotion of an effective organizational ethical culture. The managers must take into consideration ethical factors as they may influence the management and the company leadership to make sound decisions to protect organizations from unethical behavior. Unethical behavior can have negative impacts and implications to the growth of a company from destroying the reputation of the company, loss of confidence with the company by stakeholders from both prospective and potential customers as well as to the community in which the company serves (Ketokivi Mahoney, 2016). It is therefore important for Wells and Fargo Company to work on its ethics and code of conduct in order to improve the performance of the company and restore the company lost glory and reputation. Due to this matter, it is therefore recommended that the company should adopt a policy measure that takes into account the ethical behavior of the employees and defines their responsibility toward the company stakeholders and especially towards the customers (GrandySliwa, 2017). It is also recommended that the company should also develop an internal control measure that takes into account the monitoring and evaluation of the activities and operations of every employee in the organization. Such a measure will ensure these unethical behaviors are established and determined early enough before they put the company into great financial crisis as well as help company develop effective measures for those found culprits of unethical behavior in the company. References Arnold, D. G. (2016).Three Models of Impactful Business Ethics Scholarship.Business Ethics Quarterly, 26(4), ix-xii. doi:10.1017/beq.2016.69 Ayios, A., Jeurissen, R., Manning, P., Spence, L. J. (2014). Social capital: a review from an ethics perspective. Business Ethics: A European Review, 23(1), 108-124. doi:10.1111/beer.12040 Bhasa, M. P. (2017). Normative Ethical Theories as Frameworks for Better Corporate Governance: A Practitioner's Perspective. IUP Journal Of Corporate Governance, 16(2), 29-38 Bridoux, F., Stoelhorst, J. W. (2016). Stakeholder Relationships And Social Welfare: A Behavioral Theory Of Contributions To Joint Value Creation. Academy Of Management Review, 41(2), 229-251. doi:10.5465/amr.2013.0475 Burrell, G. g. (2017).Virtual Special Issue on 'Sociology and Business Ethics'.Journal Of Business Ethics, 144(1), 1-4 Cavico, F. J., Mujtaba, B. G. (2017). Wells Fargo's Fake Accounts Scandal and its Legal and Ethical Implications for Management. SAM Advanced Management Journal (07497075), 82(2), 4-19 Doh, J., Husted, B. W., Yang, X. (2016). Guest Editors Introduction: Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Developing Country Multinationals. Business Ethics Quarterly, 26(3), 301-315. doi:10.1017/beq.2016.40 Fok, L. y., Payne, D. d., Corey, C. c. (2016). Cultural Values, Utilitarian Orientation, and Ethical Decision Making: A Comparison of U.S. and Puerto Rican Professionals. Journal Of Business Ethics, 134(2), 263-279. Francs-Gmez, P., Sacconi, L., Faillo, M. (2015).Experimental economics as a method for normative business ethics. Business Ethics: A European Review, 24S41-S53. doi:10.1111/beer.12096 Fryer, M. m. (2016).A Role for Ethics Theory in Speculative Business Ethics Teaching.Journal Of Business Ethics, 138(1), 79-90. Grandy, G. g., Sliwa, M. m. (2017). Contemplative Leadership: The Possibilities for the Ethics of Leadership Theory and Practice. Journal Of Business Ethics, 143(3), 423-440 Kaptein, M. m. (2017). The Battle for Business Ethics: A Struggle Theory. Journal Of Business Ethics, 144(2), 343-361 Ketokivi, M., Mahoney, J. T. (2016). Transaction Cost Economics As a Constructive Stakeholder Theory. Academy Of Management Learning Education, 15(1), 123-138. doi:10.5465/amle.2015.0133 Kristen, J. (2015). Stakeholders Theory- How They Influence The Business Policy. Scholedge International Journal Of Business Policy Governance, 2(4), 14-17 Lankoski, L., Smith, N. C., Van Wassenhove, L. (2016).Stakeholder Judgments of Value. Business Ethics Quarterly, 26(2), 227-256. doi:10.1017/beq.2016.28 Neesham, C. c., Gu, J. j. (2015). Strengthening Moral Judgment: A Moral Identity-Based Leverage Strategy in Business Ethics Education.Journal Of Business Ethics, 131(3), 527-534 Preuss, L., Barkemeyer, R., Glavas, A. (2016). Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Country Multinationals: Identifying Company and Country-Level Influences. Business Ethics Quarterly, 26(3), 347-378. doi:10.1017/beq.2016.42 Rath, A. K. (2016). Emerging Landscape of Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility - Challenges and Options.Journal Of Institute Of Public Enterprise, 39(3/4), 137-154. Schneider, T. t., Sachs, S. s. (2017). The Impact of Stakeholder Identities on Value Creation in Issue-Based Stakeholder Networks. Journal Of Business Ethics, 144(1), 41-57 Yazdani, N. S., Murad, H. r. (2015).Toward an Ethical Theory of Organizing.Journal Of Business Ethics, 127(2), 399-417

The Ways We Lie Essay Example For Students

The Ways We Lie Essay How do we lie? Statistics show that a person lies more than 50 times a day. We are not judging; it is just statistics. What is the lie? In other words, it is a deception. Someone can assume that it is just a process of making someone foolish. But is it just like that? Because if it is, the world would be much easier to understand. Even a lie has different variations, and according to the book of Stephanie Ericson, we will discover them. Lying is the natural part of each human being. It doesn’t matter what the sex,   everyone keeps lying. Even if the person says that he/she never lies – it is a lie. We do it because of the desire to hide something or to give a false impression. Have you ever appeared in the situation of unknown people having a desire to make them love you? Did you start telling things about yourself which don’t exist in the real world or making real things about your personality look better without mentioning details? That is kind of lie as well. We will write a custom essay on The Ways We Lie specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Stephanie Erickson tells how destructive lies can be. It can cause people to cry, bad mood or much worse situations. Stephanie Erickson wrote completely real and true text that shows what a lie is, why people lie, how to see the liar. She also turned to â€Å"The Bedford reader† written by X.J.Kennedy who said that â€Å"We lie. We all do. We exaggerate, we minimize, we avoid confrontation, we spare people’s feelings, we conveniently forget, we keep secrets, we justify lying to the big-guy institutions.† In some way, it is even scary. S.Erickson analyzes all the ways we use lie to help and hurt people in the society and how does it affect American culture. It doesn’t mean other cultures don’t lie, we just explain on the example of the book. The main aim of the book is not to make people feel so bad about themselves but to make you all think, before talking, especially when you want to lie to someone. What is lie according to the author? Ericcson gives us two different definitions according to the Webster: A false phrase or action made especially to harm; Each thing that is done to give a false impression. She totally understands that it is completely impossible to avoid lying but at least we can try. Perhaps we can lie for 25 times a day instead of 50? It could be a great beginning. As we know, she divided lie to the three main types: â€Å"white lie† (we talked about it above), the â€Å"out-and-out-lie† and facade. Stephanie Ericson said that there are different types of lies  in her book. First one we are going to talk about as called â€Å"white† lie. It has no connection to the color of the skin. It means the process when a person lies to improve the situation somehow. The author described a situation when the war comes, and the hurt person appears in the hospital where the doctors lose to win the life from Death’s hands. The sergeant of that soldier has to come up with a very important decision – to tell the truth to the soldier’s family or to say that he is missing. Well, he decided to lie and listed him as missing. Why did he do that? Isn’t it better not to live in hopes and know for sure that the person you love is now in the better place? He had a very good aim. And you know, this belief is the one which will help them to wake up in the morning, to keep living and do things. Yes, he lied but only so that victims family would receive indefinite compensation instead of lump-sum. .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c , .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .postImageUrl , .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c , .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c:hover , .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c:visited , .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c:active { border:0!important; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c:active , .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4da76551a7fd6204f9227f901d28a54c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marriage A sociaological Perspective EssayHis decision may cause wrong, but it will help his family not to appear on the street asking arms of people. He supported the family financially. To be honest, if I were him, I would do the same. I would have a load on my mind; I would suffer but lie to his family. Of course, if the previous agreement wouldn’t be another. I suppose all soldiers talk to their sergeants about that before going into the battle. This decision is wrong. The sergeant doesn’t know the situation of the family, their feelings and desires. And the main thing – what did they want to hear and know. So, when we don’t know the situation, it is better to avoid telling lies. This example is the one which represents a white lie. You do something wrong, having an aim to help. To summarize about the â€Å"white lie† – it means that telling an untruth you don’t want to hurt because the reality will come for sure. Some people are simply not capable of hearing the truth. They just NEED to hear lie and feel okay instead of suffering. Each thing in the world has results, in different situations even a white lie can harm. According to the example of the Vietnam case, it is true that family will not be hungry ad they will always keep feeling a hope in their hearts being unable to move on. Another one is the out-and-out-lie. In the words of the author, she thinks this lie is the best one, as everyone understands it is a lie. You don’t even need to think too much. Do you remember an episode of Friends where Joe didn’t know how to tell his producers that he missed the parade? He started talking something about raccoons that came to his house and almost blocked his way. That is what is called the out-and-out lie. The facade is one of the ugliest things according to the book. Simply, this is what a person pretends to be but, in reality; he isn’t. Have you ever met people who smile to your face, hug, and tell that you are so cool, but after you say â€Å"goodnight, see you tomorrow† start gossiping about you. Also, S. Erickson told us about the guy who seemed to be brilliant and so handsome, and suddenly he occurred to be a cheater and a liar. To sum it up, everybody has an explanation for his words and behavior. All lies have reasons to be told. Because if there is no reason – then it is a pathology and person needs to be cured in the psychologist’s office, but not judged. The most significant is that the writer tells different common stories. She speaks with readers like with her friends. So, the book based on real stories definitely worth reading.

A Better Understanding of, I have a dream essays

A Better Understanding of, I have a dream essays A Better Understanding of, I have a dream On August 28, 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered one of the most famous speeches of all time to an audience of more than 200,000 civil rights supporters on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. In his, I have a dream speech, King addressed his encouragement of white and black people working together to achieve racial peace and harmony. He especially wanted to teach the young blacks that equality could be gained through the use of non-violence. The main reason King used nonviolence was to create a situation so different from the usual, that it will open the door to negotiations of desegregation and equal opportunity. King also urged African Americans to never forget their dreams and preached that in the eyes of God, blacks should be treated as equals because they are as good as any other race. The statement that stands out the most to me in Kings speech is, I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. In this statement, King meant that he wanted to achieve the equality of every race in a place where only the white man was welcome and accepted. King had an ideal American dream where there was no prejudice, no hate, and where everyone was equal. King felt it was important for his message to appeal to all people no matter what race they were. King also felt it was important for African Americans to love and respect people of all races even though they had been brutally beaten by segregationists. The most important aspect of the speech was for all people, especially whites and blacks, to have respect for one another or else America would remain in segregation. There were many things that occurred during the civil rights movement for the &qu...

America and Vietnam Essay Example for Free

America and Vietnam Essay Olsen and Roberts are both history professors who are fascinated with the ways by which the American government made the situation of the war with Vietnam a fearful yet victorious even for the reputation of the said country. The authors were then able to contribute their thoughts about the situation thus seeing the situation of the past wars a manifestation of the reputation of the American society in the world account of recognized countries of war and reconciliation. Their book â€Å"Where the Domino Fell† actually pictures the actual situations that happened during the American-Vietnamese war during the 1960’s and how the said history particularly affects the relationship of the two countries involved. About the Book [Content and Summary] The overall content of the book is highly recommended for reading and teaching as it gives a clear yet critical approach in assessing the US policy that controlled the Vietnam society from then until the present. Undeniably, the book of Olsen and Roberts is an awakening material that helps the human mind realize the importance of being diplomatic and lawful even when in the middle of distress. Surprisingly, the American society was able to steel a fine reputation out from all the oppression that they have already implicated upon the Vietnamese society during the war years. Through the critical assessment of the situation, the authors intended to give the readers a fine picture not only of what is or what has been obvious but also a glimpse of the truth behind the scenes of historical accounts written in books today. Implications of the Reading As it has been noted earlier, the reading gave a clear depiction of what has happened and why the said events happened during the American-Vietnamese war in the 1960’s. With the insightful informations that the authors posted through their book, they were able to help readers realize what the facts are and how they particularly affect the present relationship that exists between the said countries. Critique of the Writing Approach As for the writing approach of the authors, it is undeniable that the informations that they posted through the reading were carefully assessed thus giving out validated facts that support their explanations of the said historical event. The clarity of the implications of the reading has been strengthened by the documentations that the authors used to show the authenticity of the reading. The utilization of other researches that supported their claims and opinions made the book a must read not only for professors and students, but also for those individuals who endeavor reading books under the typical yet critical approach of understanding history and American politics. Within the context of the book lies a less-traveled path among the historians of the present times. Olsen and Roberts certainly made it clear that history is a human account needed to be understood and learned from through critical observation of the past. Reference: James S. Olson and Randy Roberts. (2006). Where the Domino Fell: America and Vietnam 1945-2006 [ILLUSTRATED]. Blackwell Publishing Limited; 5 edition. America and Vietnam. (2017, May 10).

Free or Abandon, the emergence of black ghetto Essay

Free or Abandon, the emergence of black ghetto - Essay Example Scope of the Author The author has broader and clear perception regarding the black community. He indicates that out of the forty-four existing settlers in Los Angeles, twenty-six were of African ancestry (Graaf 325). However, this number decreased rapidly following a census carried out in 1970. The results of the census disclosed that there were only twenty-two mulattoes out of a population of 150 individuals; however, a handful of Afro-Americans came to the city during the Spanish and Mexican era. Furthermore, the Afro-American element vanished virtually, although some present reports reveal that numerous famous landowners and political figures of California have African ancestry. Graaf continues to reveal that the first decades of American governance saw the influx of numerous families, particularly the family of Biddie Mason, into Los Angeles (Graaf 326). The Afro-American population grew from 12 to 102 families within the period of years between 1850 and 1880, which only transla tes into one percent of the general population of the state of California. Additionally, the land boom of 1888 led to the increase of the Afro-American population up to 1258 people. This translated into three percent of the general population of the state (Graaf 327). The land boom caused the increase of unemployment rate that stretched all over the state of California. ... Considering all the aforementioned factors Graaf argues that it is difficult to obtain any evidence that before 1900 there were any particular economical or other driving forces for African Americans to create ghetto-like urban areas within the black community. The employment setting of Afro-Americans contained signs of prejudice and starvation. Unemployment rate hit them hard and in 1893 they formed a body to guarantee jobs and land because the existing unions rejected their appeal for jobs. However, unemployment was not distinctive among the Afro-Americans and numerous factors lessened the aftermath of the Depression. However, Los Angeles felt the intensity of the panic in 1897. The majority of the Afro-Americans soon acquired service jobs and the inflow of whites generated a market for more jobs. Moreover, the depression neither discouraged the influx of other Afro-Americans into the city nor restricted the African Americans from expanding their businesses. Graaf also reveals that the racial hostility towards Afro-Americans declined abruptly. Los Angeles had desegregated its institutions and the state had incorporated a civil rights rule. Therefore, the Afro-American population enjoyed a spell of declining racial tension and a substantial degree of recognition. The number of Afro-Americans migrating to the state augmented abundantly between 1900 and 1920. This led to a multiplication of the Afro-American population with several migrants arriving from the Southern States. There were also intense efforts to increase the Afro-American population, such as Mass importation. Reports reveal that that the Pacific railroad conveyed almost 2000 Afro-Americans with an intention to end a

Describe the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of chronic Essay

Describe the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of chronic leukemia - Essay Example This is when leukemia cells grow more rapidly. One of the most common symptoms of chronic leukemia is swollen or enlarged lymph nodes. Other symptoms include fever, bone pain, weight loss, night sweats, reduced immunity, abdominal discomforts, and fatigue among many others. In the initial diagnosis, key factors include lack of significant circulating blasts, frequent thrombocytosis, and mild anemia. Chronic leukemia patients exhibit a cytochemical abnormality, characterised by low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (Schiller 2003). A record of low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is associated with relatively low levels of granulocyte colony- stimulating factor. Additional laboratory features include elevated elastase and uric acid levels. However, in order to confirm the disease, a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy is required to all patients considered to have chronic leukemia (Wiernik 2001). This helps not only to verify the diagnosis, but also to offer some essential information concerning the stage of the disease. In general, patients with chronic leukemia are diagnosed with immature leukocytes in their blood, and include increased number of white blood cells taking abnormal shapes (Skeel and Khleif 2011). However, the red blood cells and platelets tend to appear to be less than the normal quantities. Due to its nature of slow progression, chronic leukemia may not call for immediate treatment. However, it is vital for persons with this type of leukemia to seek frequent check ups for proper monitoring of the disease (Moini 2012). Nevertheless, there are five stages involved in treatment of this type of leukemia: chemotherapy is one of them and it is used to kill leukemia cells, which involves use of anti-cancer drugs (Swearingen 2008). Radiation is also used to kill cancer cells, which involves exposing them to high-energy radiation. Interferon therapy is

Learning Activity Essay Example for Free

Learning Activity Essay This assignment talks about the mission statement of Lotto Food – grocery store and its importance and it also answer a few questions related to the mission statement. Mission statement The mission statement of Lotto Food – grocery store is â€Å"Where freshness is at its best†. They promise their customers at providing a diverse selection of best quality products at a reasonable rate; along with maintaining the highest standard of freshness they also win the heart and mind of their customers by providing the best customer service. Why is it important to establish a clear mission statement? The establishment of a clear mission statement is important because it reflects the vision of the company as to how the company would like its clients to view it .For the company to be successful, it must have a clear mission statement that convinces the clients how it would be advantageous for them to shop from their grocery store and what facilities and services can they specially enjoy being a customer of their grocery store. Why is it important to communicate the company’s mission statement? In order to let the public know what your company’s vision is and what facilities they have for them and what services they cater, it is necessary to communicate the mission statement of the company. It helps in communicating expectations and also pinpoint what to stress on or to potential and also it gives a clear consensus to the company telling them where they lack and how more can they improve. Communicating the company’s mission statement to the employees is more important than to its clients so that the employees are well aware of the services they have to give and the performance expected out of them. Why is the meaning of the company’s mission statement important in making organizational changes? A mission statement focuses on a company’s present state and therefore in order to bring any organizational change in the company, a change in the company’s mission statement is also required because every aspect of your business is reflected in the mission statement. The attributes of   the product, cost, service, quality and your co-relation with your clients, suppliers competitors and employees working in the company. (Abraham, 2007). Reviewing and revision of the mission statement is very important as it contemplates your aims and goals with the development of your company, the economic condition and the business. If the review results in a amendment of the statement, it’s a big deal because it probably means that your company is expanding or it needs an organizational change. References Abraham,J.. (2007). 101 Mission Statements From Top Companies: Plus Guidelines For Writing Your Own Mission Statement. Ten Speed Press.

New High-speed Connections Will Change How We Work And Play :: essays research papers

New High-Speed Connections Will Change How We Work and Play Online   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Society is becoming ever more dependent on being electronically connected with every other part of the world. Worldwide communication and commerce are just two areas where people benefit from living in an information age. Using the Internet, business can be conducted from anywhere in the world, and you can even talk to get to know other people, anywhere in the world. These online activities became possible only very recently. Applications, that utilize the Internet, are being developed every day. However, because of the nature in which most of us are connected to the Internet, there are limitations to what we can do online. Nearly everyone connects to the Internet using an analog modem. To get online, we boot up our PC’s, and using our telephone line, dial in to our Internet Service Provider. Because telephone technology is much older than the Internet, there have been limitations to how fast data can travel over existing copper telephone lines. Using an analog modem, data is translated from its digital form to an analog signal, to travel over the telephone lines. Once it gets to its destination, the data is converted back into its digital form. Line noise is a result of data being transmitted as an analog signal. The FCC imposed limitations, decades ago, to minimize the amount of line noise that was allowed. This law was imposed long before the PC ever existed. However, it directly affects how fast we can access the Internet today, at speeds of only 53kbps. Even that connection speed is theoretical. Depending on the quality of the telephone lines that run into your home, your connection speed may not even come close to 53kbps. Despite having ever-faster computers, we are limited to what we can do online by these relatively low connection rates. To make online activities, such as ecommerce, virtual meetings, and video conferencing, truly practical we need faster connections to the Internet. Two competing technologies may offer an answer to the bandwidth problem. Cable Modems and Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) both offer the speed that consumers want. Both technologies are also potentially more user-friendly because with either you do not dial-up to get connected, you are always online. You simply plug-in to the network, like you plug-in your toaster to an electrical outlet. Using a Cable Modem, you connect to the Internet through the existing Cable-TV lines. New High-speed Connections Will Change How We Work And Play :: essays research papers New High-Speed Connections Will Change How We Work and Play Online   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Society is becoming ever more dependent on being electronically connected with every other part of the world. Worldwide communication and commerce are just two areas where people benefit from living in an information age. Using the Internet, business can be conducted from anywhere in the world, and you can even talk to get to know other people, anywhere in the world. These online activities became possible only very recently. Applications, that utilize the Internet, are being developed every day. However, because of the nature in which most of us are connected to the Internet, there are limitations to what we can do online. Nearly everyone connects to the Internet using an analog modem. To get online, we boot up our PC’s, and using our telephone line, dial in to our Internet Service Provider. Because telephone technology is much older than the Internet, there have been limitations to how fast data can travel over existing copper telephone lines. Using an analog modem, data is translated from its digital form to an analog signal, to travel over the telephone lines. Once it gets to its destination, the data is converted back into its digital form. Line noise is a result of data being transmitted as an analog signal. The FCC imposed limitations, decades ago, to minimize the amount of line noise that was allowed. This law was imposed long before the PC ever existed. However, it directly affects how fast we can access the Internet today, at speeds of only 53kbps. Even that connection speed is theoretical. Depending on the quality of the telephone lines that run into your home, your connection speed may not even come close to 53kbps. Despite having ever-faster computers, we are limited to what we can do online by these relatively low connection rates. To make online activities, such as ecommerce, virtual meetings, and video conferencing, truly practical we need faster connections to the Internet. Two competing technologies may offer an answer to the bandwidth problem. Cable Modems and Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) both offer the speed that consumers want. Both technologies are also potentially more user-friendly because with either you do not dial-up to get connected, you are always online. You simply plug-in to the network, like you plug-in your toaster to an electrical outlet. Using a Cable Modem, you connect to the Internet through the existing Cable-TV lines.

Agreed Ways Of Working

‘Agreed ways of working’ is working with an individual with their preferences, wishes and needs in mind. You will find this out when you read the individuals care and support plans as well as communicating with them. It is important that you follow the individuals care and support plans and understand and respect what the individual says they need. You have a professional duty of care to the individuals you support. Your role is to guide and support them and to help them live as independently as possible. You should listen to individuals and never put pressure on them.The importance of having full and up-to-date details of the agreed ways of working.  It is extremely important that the individual feels in control of any decisions that is made on their behalf. The individual must feel they can trust you to act on their behalf without agreeing to something the individual disagrees with. If the individual does not feel they can trust you, this can cause them unnecessary s tress and lead them to do things they do not want to do. You must ensure you are working and making decisions with the individuals beliefs, views and opinions in mind.Why it is important that you follow the limits of your job roleIt is important that you follow the guidance about the limits of your job role so that you are able to know what duties you are supposed to perform. Going beyond these limits could result in situations you are not equipped for and may affect the health and safety of yourself, other staff or service users.IF YOU ARE UNSURE OF ANYTHING OR HAVE ANY QUESTIONS, JUST COME AND ASK.

Practical Criticism on the Tamer and Hawk poem Essay

Tom Gunn’s Tamer and Hawk is an extended metaphor depicting a powerful, strong, almighty, wild bird of prey (a metaphor for Gunn) being controlled by a seemingly inferior body (a human) – his true love. It depicts an image of a bird and its master (with the use of indirect personification). It tells a story of Gunn’s adoration of his ‘Tamer’ and his strong desire to entice his love. It is an effective metaphor because as the poem continues the danger and violence becomes more prominent, especially at the end of the poem. There are three main theme to the poem; love (â€Å"To fly for you and show†), loyalty (â€Å"For you I fear to lose†) and devotion (â€Å"You seeled me with your love†). The first stanza explains how the Hawk is happy to be domesticated by this person, as he expresses no objection to his situation. He even wants to show off his capabilities in a performance to his Tamer in the hope of impressing him. Gunn idolis es his Tamer by portraying him as kind (â€Å"But gentled at your hands†) and being gently powerful (â€Å"I thought I was so tough†) – with the emphases on the second ‘I’ trying to show the Tamer is more powerful than himself, as well as the quotation â€Å"Upon your wrist† which depicts the Tamer as somewhat of a godly figure who is in control of another life. Also, the quick rhyme scheme: A, B, A, C, C, B, along with the lack of any punctuation and the fast rhythm of the stanza (without any assonance or alliteration or sibilance), due to the Iambic trimeter, emphasises the Hawk’s effort he is putting into his performance, and hence trying to impress his Tamer. This is cemented by Gunn’s use of the phrase â€Å"Cannot be quick enough† which implies that his pace is still not enough to please his lover. The second stanza could be seen as a continuation of the first stanza, the themes are interrelating and also the ideas are common. It evinces the Hawk still not being able to fly away, as he is too in love with his Tamer that whenever they are apart, as soon as he calls him back he returns as fast as he can. It is evidence of how he is becoming so subservient to his Tamer (â€Å"I am no longer free†). Additionally, this quotation implies that the Hawk is in the process of being tamed, which means that there are st ill some wild aspects of his nature. This links to the quotation â€Å"You but half-civilise† which leads to hazardous consequences. One also gets the sense that the Hawk has some desires to be released – showing his wild core aspects, by the use of regular polysyllabic words,  with possible double meanings – â€Å"no longer free,† â€Å"seeled,† â€Å"blind,† â€Å"hooded.† The fact that the majority of these words are polysyllabic could be intended to extend the length of the word in order to express his pain, suffering and anguish. Stanza three explains how the Hawk has now broken free and has the opportunity to open his wings and explore, however, there is one major drawback. He cannot release the thought of his love, the Tamer, which is constantly on his mind (â€Å"In my possessive thought, Of catcher and of caught†). Additionally, in the first line of this stanza the word â€Å"formerly† links back with the idea that he is putting on his best show in order to try and impress his love, continuing the themes of devotion, loyalty and love, and also dete rmination and fortitude. Despite the clues embedded within the poem, it is the final stanza that is the climax of the poem. There are several integral parts to the poem in this stanza. The general picture of the stanza is that the Hawk is willing to go to the very extremes if it means not losing his love. The phrase â€Å"half-civilised† proves that the Hawk still contains his wild instincts and nature, as he is still half wild, however, this is no excuse for what the Hawk plans to do to his Tamer – Kill him. â€Å"For you I fear to lose, I lose to keep, and choose Tamer as prey† explains the Hawk’s plan. It may not be very evident but it does illustrate what the Hawk is willing to do, in order for him not to lose his Tamer. The Hawk obviously longs for the Tamer, however, he might long for him slightly too much because it could be on a parallel with how much a Hawk longs for its prey. One could form the opinion that what the Hawk is a metaphor for is monomaniacal as he is willing to kill his love in order to keep it. â€Å"I lose to keep† is a paradox because the two words in juxtaposition are opposites, contradicting each other, creating an antithesis. It is incomprehensible that one must lose something in order to keep and preserve it. This is the most extreme example of devotion. Generally, the fact that all of the stanzas end in an abrupt fashion, with a four syllable line instead of the previous six syllables, could be interpreted, by the reader, as the Hawk’s realisation that his Tamer is not returning his love and reveals the Hawk’s desperation and disappointment when he is rejected his ultimate wish. The extended metaphor is a very good and effective one because it gives very clear images of all of the scenes created by Gunn and also it is appropriate because the relationship is so  domineering, possessive and un-natural.

How to Start Writing a Novel 3 Key Elements a Novel Needs to Succeed

How to Start Writing a Novel 3 Key Elements a Novel Needs to Succeed How to Start Writing a Novel: 3 Key Elements a Novel Needs to Succeed Want to write a compelling, dramatic story?One that draws readers in, takes them on a roller-coaster ride of emotions and thrills,  then leaves them hungry for you to publish your next book, and your next, and your next?If so, then I have good news:With the right understanding of story structure, I believe anyone is capable of writing an amazing story.Yes, that includes you.And the key to making this process as easy and natural as possible is to start every novel with a good story foundation.This is where most new writers struggle. Either they have trouble getting their story off the ground, or they can get it off the ground, but it nosedives partway through the book.Either way, the cause is the same: they didn’t start their book from a good story foundation.In other words, they were missing one or more of thethree critical elements that every novel needs to succeed. I call these foundational elements, â€Å"The Story Foundation Trifecta.†Let’s talk about itNOT E: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Fiction Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereHow to Start Writing a Novel for BeginnersIf youre new to the world of writing, its really easy to get overwhelmed. Its normal to feel that way. Youve never done this before and its a major task to learn how to write a book.What advice do you listen to?How will you even sift through all of the ideas you have?What steps do you actually need to take to start writing a novel?The best part about being a beginner is that you  can  only  make  progress. Theres really nowhere else for you to go but up.The tricky thing, however, is knowing how to get started. After all, that step is the most important, but also the most difficult.These are among the first things you have to do in order to start writing a book as a beginner:#1 Choose a book idea to write aboutIf youre ready to write a book, chances are you hav e more than a single idea in mind thats just how the minds of creatives like yourself work.But how do you choose which to write and which to save for later?The good news is that any and all of your book ideas can get written, its just a matter of choosing which goes first.These are a few questions I like to ask myself when it comes to deciding which idea to start next:Which do you find yourself thinking about most often?Which has a theme/message that means the most to you?Which do you have the most content developed for?Which will be the fastest to write?Once you have an idea in mind that fulfills these questions, youll know that that is the one to write about.Essentailly, in order to choose a book idea, think about which one youre most passionate and excited about. #2 Start your mindmap and outlineOutlining is necessary no matter what type of book youre reading. Even if you think youre the type to write by the seat of your pants, an outline of some sort will come in handy.Even St ephen King has the end of his stories in mind and a few plot points along the way, and he self-identifies as a pantzer, or someone who writes by the seat of ones pants.Now this does NOT mean you have to go through every single part of your story and create a step-by-step outline of everything that will happen.You can do that, but you don’t have to.Generally speaking, there are two kinds of writers out there:Plotters (like James Patterson)Pantzers (like Stephen King)Plotters are people who like to plot their stories in advance, while pantzers are people who don’t- they â€Å"fly by the seat of their pants,† coming up with their story ideas on the fly.You might think that outlining is only important for plottersbut actually, that’s not the case. EVERY writer needs to come up with at least a basic outline before they start writing.Even Stephen King, the most well-known pantzer out there, has admitted that he writes his stories with an end in mind.Knowing whe re your story is going can help you develop the plot to be more complex, exciting, and allow you to hide foreshadowing within the book.This will help you craft your twists to be even harder to see coming something all bookworms love.We have complete guides for learning how to fill out a mindmap and then complete an outline based on it. Check those out before moving on to the nexts steps because its essential to have those details done first.#3 Consider how long you want your book to beThis is also the stage in which you figure out if youll be writing a standalone (a single book) or a series (2 + novels of the same storyline).But first, how long do you want this book to be? Some authors will tell you to just write as much as is needed, but its often a good idea to know your baseline so you can stay on track.This is a table of the average word count for different types of novels to help you get an idea for what to shoot for:Type of WritingWord CountPages in a Typical BookExampleShor t story100 - 15,0001 - 24 pages"The Gift of the Magi" by O. HenryNovella30,000 - 60,000100 - 200 pages"A Clockwork Orange" by Anthony BurgessNovel60,000 - 100,000200 - 350 pages"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone": by JK RowlingEpic Novel120,00 - 220,000+400 - 750+ pages"Game of Thrones" by George R.R. MartinOnce you have an idea as to how long you want your book to be, you can better plan out each chapters length and formulate a writing schedule that will allow you to make real progress.How to Start Writing a Novel with the Story Foundation TrifectaFirst off, what IS the Story Foundation Trifecta?It’s a combination of  three things:An interesting premiseA sympathetic heroA clear compelling â€Å"A-story†As you’re about to learn, these are the most critical and fundamental pieces to any successful story. As long as you have these three things in place, your story is bound to be engaging and entertaining.In the rest of this post, I’ll explain what th ese things are and how you can improve these elements in your story idea. And to help you understand, I’ll be using examples from well-known stories such as The Hunger Games, The Matrix, and my own series GoneGod World.Foundation #1: An Interesting PremiseYour premise is the foundation of your plot. The collection of situations or presuppositions that make up your story world.That sounds complicated, so let’s put it in simpler terms:Your premise consists of 2-3 seemingly unconnected ideas that have been meshed together to make something truly unique.If you analyze really popular stories like The Hunger Games and The Matrix, you’ll realize they have great premises. And that’s a big part of the reason why they were so successful.So how do you come up with an awesome premise of your own?One common method is to use the â€Å"What If† technique. Here’s how that might look using The Hunger Games as an example:The Hunger Games: What if, sometime in the future, there is a society which demands children must fight to the death once a year?Immediately, the premise opens up a hundred other questions that your story may or may not answer. What happened to create this world and contest? Why children? What happens to the victors? Your story may not answer all of these questions, and certainly Suzanne Collins – the author of The Hunger Games – doesn’t answer all of them.See how that works? You take a few different ideas and combine them. See how they might fit together.In this case the premise is using the familiar idea of a gladiator storybut it’s mish-mashing that concept by having the gladiators be children.Then when you throw in a couple extra elements, likeSetting the story in the futureIncluding a love-triangle with the main characterHaving a power struggle behind the scenes only the audience knows aboutyou end up with a really great premise for a story.Here’s another example:The Matrix: What if reality isn’t what we think it is, and in fact we’re all connected to computers as human batteries for the robot world?Here we’re taking the idea â€Å"reality isn’t what you think it is† and mashing it together with â€Å"we’re human batteries connected to computers.†These are cool ideas on their own. But when you put them together, they become something really fascinating. With a premise like this, is it any wonder why The Matrix was so successful?And here’s one more example, from my series of books:GoneGod World: What if all the gods are gone, and when they leave they force all their denizens to go to earth?Here I’ve combined the ideas of â€Å"divine creatures† and â€Å"refugees† to create a unique story premise out oftwo familiar ideas.In this story, every sort of magical creature you can think of- dragons, faeries, etc.- is forced to become a refugee on earth. As you can imagine, this opens up all kinds of possibilities for interesting storylines and conflicts.So that’s foundation #1 of the Story Foundation Trifecta: create an interesting premise. Now it’s your turn:How to Start Writing a Book Action Step:Take a look at your favorite stories and identify their premise. Turn those premises into â€Å"What if† statements.Bonus: Among the premises that you have identified, see if you can alter them slightly to turn them into something completely unique.Challenge: Create 3 to 5 premise statements of your own, statements that ultimately create world, you’d love to write in.You’ll be surprised at how quickly you start cranking out really unique story premises.Foundation #2: A Sympathetic HeroFoundation #1 focuses on your plot. It’s a big-picture statement of what happens in your story.But remember, stories don’t just happen by themselves. They happen to characters- to people. To human beings. (And sometimes, to elves and aliens.)At the heart of every story is a hero who strives to meet an important goal. And the more your audience can understand and identify with that hero, the more likely they are to become engrossed by your story.Now when you’re creating your hero, the  three  most important things to figure out are your hero’s:Key traitsOuter journeyInner journeyâ€Å"Key traits† refer to your character’s distinguishing features. Is your hero:Brave?Intelligent?Beautiful?Charming?Underhanded?Strong as an ox?Your character’s journey refers to the challenges they will be forced to overcome throughout the story. And we break that journey up into inner and outer journeys.A few examples:The Hunger Games: Katniss’s outer journey is to survive the games. Her inner journey is to mature as an individual, to let other people in, and to learn to accept help from others.The Matrix: Neo’s outer journey is to defeat Agent Smith and the robot forces enslaving humanity in side the Matrix. His inner journey is to believe in himself and accept that he’s the only one capable of saving the human race.Make sense? Great. Now go figure out who your hero is, give them a few key traits, and most importantly decide on their inner and outer journey. Then when you’ve completed that, you’re ready to move forFoundation #3: A Clear Compelling â€Å"A-Story†Once you know your story’s premise and have identified your hero, your next step is to use those 2 elements to create your â€Å"A-story.†Loosely defined, your A-story is the main storyline in your novel. It’s the one story we need to see resolved in order for us to put down your book and feel satisfied at the end.Your book can have multiple storylines- maybe you have a romance subplot, for example- but your A-story is the main story. The big problem that gets resolved at the end. The big problem that gets resolved at the end.In most cases, your A-story is going t o be the same as your hero’s outer journey. In The Hunger Games, for example, the A-story is Katniss’ trial to survive the games.But your A-story can also tie into your hero’s inner journey. In The Matrix, the A-story deals in part with Neo’s struggle to believe in himself and become â€Å"the one.†Here are some common A-stories for different genres to think about when you start writing a book:Sci-fi: Repel the alien invasionAction: Get revenge on the bad guysRomance: Finally succumb to the love of your lifeIt’s important to know your A-story. This is the storyline that you need to focus on, to keep coming back to. This is the major conflict of your story, so don’t lose sight of it.Exercise: Identifytwo or three unique A-stories that fit could each premise. Spend a few minutes contemplating how the premise and the A-story work together. (And also relish is how your A-story is better than the original 😊.)Bonus: Could you alter o ne of the premises to fit with your own unique A-story? If so, you very well may have the a kickass story on your hands!Challenge: Now that you have defined your premise in step one, identify 2-3A-stories that could work within that premise statement.How to Start Writing a Book Action Step:Identify two or three unique A-stories that fit could each premise. Spend a few minutes contemplating how the premise and the A-story work together. (And also relish is how your A-story is better than the original)Bonus: Could you alter one of the premises to fit with your own unique A-story? If so, you very well may have the a kickass story on your hands!Challenge: Now that you have defined your premise in step one, identify 2-3 A-stories that could work within that premise statement.You Know Your A-StoryNow, What’s Next?OK, so you’ve gone through the Story Foundation Trifecta and figured out your premise, hero, and A-story. What should you do next?Sign up for your free training to guide you through this process with more detailIts not enough to just read about it. What you need is someone whos done it before to take you through this process step by step.When it comes to fiction, those with experience are those who thrive and we should all learn from someone who know what theyre doing because if we can bypass all the mess of starting to write a book, we should.

Hammurabis Code and the Babylonian Economy Essay

Hammurabis Code and the Babylonian Economy - Essay Example The Code showed the importance of agriculture as the major livelihood of the citizens. It should be noted that various laws mention major crops such as corn, grains, and wool. The heavy punishment to be administered to anyone stealing and causing poor harvest indicates the importance of these commodities. It is also notable that the agricultural economy of Babylon is supported by quite complicated infrastructures to ensure a good harvest. The Hammurabi's Code mentions the presence of dams and dikes which prevents flooding agricultural areas. Animal husbandry is another major livelihood during the Babylonian Empire. It should be noted that the Code set out provisions regarding the robbery of major livestock. Within that civilization, it is remarkable how the citizens were able to raise a number of animals such as cattle, sheep, ass, pig, or goat. The importance of animal husbandry in the economy cannot be overestimated. For an individual steal any of the aforementioned animals and has nothing to pay for it, he will need to give his life as a payment. Though the above two industries represents the two major activities in the Babylonian economy, it should be noted that the civilization also features extensive trading network,

Leadership Style Paper Grading Criteria Research

Leadership Style Grading Criteria - Research Paper Example One approach to successful leadership is aligning with the contingency style and theory of leadership. In this theory the leaders are flexible enough to continually adapt the styles of leadership in response to situational changes. Contingency theory of leadership envisages a kind of leader with behaviors that range between being authoritative & persuasive and vary according to needs of the present time as well as possibilities for the future. A manager in the field of nursing for instance may be compelled to be authoritarian in an emergency situation like when handling a patient with cardiac arrest. The same leader faced with the challenge of encouraging team members to take care of patients having multiple system failures may opt to employ persuasion. The leader can delegate some duties and decisions to competent followers e.g. when it comes to completion of patient forms. An effective style of leadership for a nurse is one which aligns well with the work environment, tasks at hand and personalities of individuals involved in various situations. President Barack Obama of the United States is one of the most successful world political leaders of the modern times. He is one person who is very effective in communication and articulation of issues facing America. He is firm and decisive when it comes to decision making for instance when faced with issues of terrorism he has consistently remained firm and focused to ensuring the security of Americans. As president of America Obama is capable of assessing situations and making independent decisions, involving followers to collect information for decision making purposes and persuading followers to implement the decisions. Obama as a leader employs consultation widely to get advice, make decisions and inform, joins groups to seek opinions in order to indecently make sound decisions. He such an aggressive leader who would delegate duties to followers so as to come up with solutions and actively

Streetcar Named Desire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Streetcar Named Desire - Essay Example He led life his own way. He was a man who was keen to protect his sexual relationship with his wife and this is one of the reasons why Blanche thought it was important for her to protect her sister from his violent acts. There was sexual tension between Blanche and Stanley from the moment they first meet. In one scene Stella is out of the picture (in the bathroom washing her face) the first time Blanche encounters Stanley. They’re alone together. He takes off his shirt on the grounds that he wants to be â€Å"comfortable.† While Blanche pretends to be ok with this, we know later that such informalities in fact make her feel uncomfortable. In another scene when Stanley rifles through the personal things in Blanche’s trunk, it’s as though he’s violating her as well. The big â€Å"Stelll-ahhhhh!!!† scene is as much about Blanche’s discomfort with Stanley’s destructive sexuality as it is fear for her sister. She’s horrified that Stella goes back downstairs in order to make love with Stanley. She even tried to persuade Stella but she chose brutish love over a better life. Her love for Stanley gave him the advantage over his enemy. Blanches jealousy is also quite noticeable in many scenes. Since she is dealing with the loss of her husband, Belle Reve, she envies her sister’s happiness and protection and how she has sexual freedom. In Scene Four Blanche says: â€Å"What such a man has to offer is animal force. But the only way to live with such a man is to go to bed with him! And that’s your job not mine!† It seems unfeasible for Blanche to relate a man in a non-sexual way, even those men who would be considered inappropriate for her i.e. her brother-in-law, Stanley. Even so, she was always quite eager to get a hold of Stanley’s attention and receive compliments about her physical appearance from him. After their first

What Feminism and Women's Studies Calls for and Performs Essay

What Feminism and Women's Studies Calls for and Performs - Essay Example This paper will focus on identifying significant ideas associated with feminism and women’s studies, and some of the significant role they play in the society. One the significant role played by feminism and women’s studies is to contribute to development of feminist movements and academic studies regarding construction of gender that facilitate harmony in the society. Besides, feminism and women’s studies are applied in gathering ideas that can question various cliches regarding gender, race and religion, which are sometimes considered nature, though they are established through social interactions. In addition, feminism and women’s studies has enable recognition of the effort that her been made by women in the resent years in order to realize the stature of feminism in the present day. Feminism and women’s studies takes interdisciplinary nature, which leads to affirmations of diversity in the perceptions by people who study them. Moreover, feminis m and women’s studies offers a basis of developing strategic discussions, feminist praxis, and for making significant interrelationships across various boundaries that are conventionally conceived. Feminism and women’s studies has facilitated flexibility, and a basis of questioning various notions regarding human assumptions regarding gender and relations. Feminism and women’s studies plays a vital role in encouraging members of the society in developing skills that can enable them think critically and sensitive about issues relating to gender. On the other hand, these studies offer students a critical awareness regarding the operations of gender and the way they operate in various contexts such as institutional, cultural and social. Feminism and women’s studies offers an introduction of critical gender theories that forms a functioning in demanding intellectual environment (Levin, 12). These studies take a vital role of introducing history, feminist theo ries and criticism, which are bases on critical theoretical framework applied in developing vital perceptions and knowledge about gender inequalities. Feminism and women’s studies strengthens ability to discuss and writer about feministic criticism with a high level of coherence, logic, and analytics (Kesler and Sameh, 185). Apparently, feminism and women’s studies requires understanding of feminist critiques, which are applied in making informed judgments and strengthening the society, building public policy and reconstructing sexist institutions. There is need to understand the impact of feminist perception and criticism, and the challenges that they have pose do conventional disciplines of liberal arts. Feminism and women’s studies has led to identification of women’s contribution to knowledge that was overlooked in the past. Feminism and women’s studies serve as vital sources for substantial writing regarding issues that involve women’s race and social classes (Kesler and Sameh, 186). Therefore, this creates familiarity with literature on women’s studies and awareness of significance of vitality of the journals, which involves frequency of publishing articles in Feminist Studies. However, understanding ideas in feminism and women’s studies, it is important to collaborate with in new generations of feminist scholars, activists’ artists, and creative writers. In addition, there is need for

Hypertension Case Study Nursing

Hypertension Case Study Nursing 1) CASE SUMMARY Mr. MS is a 58-year-old Malay male who was previously diagnosed with hypertension, gout and triple vessel ischemic heart disease. He first presented with chest pain in March 2010 where he was diagnosed with ischemic heart disease. He was unable to complete an exercise stress test and an angiogram done in Hospital Sultanah Aminah found him to have triple vessel disease. He was told angioplasty was not possible due to the severity of the blocks and was counseled for CABG but he was not keen. Meanwhile, he has had angina attacks 2 to 3 times per week every week since his initial diagnosis for the last 3 months, usually relieved by sublingual GTN and was currently admitted for the 4th time for chest pain not relieved by GTN. ECG done 2 hours after onset of chest pain showed ST depression of 2mm at leads I, aVL, V3 V6 and left axis deviation with no Q waves. Trop T was positive (2.75 ng/ml) at 4 hours after onset and other cardiac enzymes were also raised significantly. He was diagnosed with NSTEMI and treated with aspirin 300mg, IV morphine 2.5 mg, sublingual GTN 3 tablets and subcutaneous clexane 60mg BD for 3 days as well as continuing his current medication regime of simvastatin, metoprolol, cardiprin, ISDN, amlodipine and GTN. Following admission, he was well in the ward with no recurrence of chest pain and did not develop any new complaints. He was discharged after 3 days of inpatient treatment with instructions to attend his follow-up appointment at the cardio clinic in HSAJB on the 16th of June 2010 to make an appointment for surgery. Following this episode of chest pain, which he says is the worst so far, he is now quite keen for CABG. PATIENTS DETAILS I/C NUMBER: 510831015263 AGE: 58 SEX: Male DATE OF ADMISSION: 3/6/2010 R/N: 1348445 2) CLINICAL HISTORY Chief Complaint Chest pain for 1 day. History of Present Illness Mr. MS is a 58-year-old Malay male who was previously diagnosed with gout, hypertension and ischemic heart disease with triple vessel disease. He was awoken from sleep at about 10pm due to a central chest pain of sudden onset. He described the character of the pain as crushing in nature and radiated to his neck. This episode of chest pain was the most severe since he was first diagnosed with ischemic heart disease. The pain was associated with profuse sweating, body weakness and was not relieved by rest. However, it was relieved by sublingual GTN, of which he has a supply of. His discomfort was made worst by exertion so he lay in bed to recover. Despite this, he had another episode of chest pain 30 minutes later. He took the sublingual GTN again but this time, the pain did not resolve. He was then brought to the emergency department of Hospital Batu Pahat by his son. This is Mr. MSs fourth admission for chest pain since March 2010. Since his diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in March, he has experience angina attacks two to three times per week, especially on exertion such as when straining while passing motion. During these attacks, he uses sublingual GTN to relieve his symptoms and normally feels much better after that. He only comes to the hospital when GTN does not work to relieve his symptoms. Systemic Review Mr. MS does not experience symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, orthopnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea, epigastric pain, shortness of breath, fever, and had no syncopal episodes. He also does not have loss of appetite or loss of weight. Bowel and urinary habits are normal. His sleep has not been affected until this current episode whereby he was awoken by the chest pain. Past Medical History Mr. MS was diagnosed with hypertension 6 years ago when he had an episode of headache. He has been on medication since and was on regular follow-up with KK Rengit. He was diagnosed with gout 5 years ago when he had a left big toe swelling which resolved after some medication. He is not on long term medication for gout. Mr. MS was admitted for the first time 5 years ago in 2005 when he had bilateral renal calculi. He was subsequently referred to Hospital Sultanah Aminah for further management of this problem and it has since resolved and does not have follow-up anymore. Mr. MS was diagnosed with ischemic heart disease in March 2010 when he presented with chest pain for the first time. Following his recovery, he underwent a stress test in Hospital Batu Pahat but according to him, was unable to complete the procedure due to chest discomfort. He was referred to the cardiology unit in Hospital Sultanah Aminah for further management where an angiogram was performed and he was told to have triple vessel disease. He was also told that angioplasty was not possible due to the severity of the blocks. He was recommended to have Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) but as of yet, no appointment has been made as he was still unsure of going through with the procedure. Following this episode of chest pain, Mr. MS has decided that going for the CABG is the only thing that will keep him alive. His current medications include: Tab Simvastatin 20mg OD Tab Metoprolol 75mg BD Tab Cardiprin 100mg OD Tab Isosorbide Dinitrate (ISDN) 5mg TDS Tab Amlodipine 10mg OD Sublingual Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) PRN He is compliant to his medication regime. Mr. MS is not known to have diabetes or hyperlipidemia. He also does not have any known food or drug allergies. Family History Mr. MS is the 3rd of 9 siblings. His father had hypertension and passed away a long time ago due to unknown causes. His mother and other siblings are healthy. None of them have hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease or malignancy. Social History He lives in a kampung in Rengit with his wife and 5 children. Mr. MS does not smoke nor consume alcohol. He works in a palm oil plantation. The distance from his house to Hospital Batu Pahat is about half an hour. On further enquiry, Mr. MS says that the cost of the CABG is about RM1000, which he can afford. 3) FINDINGS ON CLINICAL EXAMINATION (Mr. MS was examined by me 9 hours after onset of chest pain) Mr. MS was alert, conscious, and communicative. He was not in obvious pain or respiratory distress. He was lying down comfortably on his bed. There were no tendon xanthomata, xanthelasma, pallor, corneal arcus or pedal edema. His JVP was not raised. His clinical parameters are: Blood Pressure : 158/94 mmHg Heart Rate : 94 beats per minute. Regular rhythm Respiratory Rate : 20 breaths per minute Temperature : 37Â °C SpO2 : 97% under room air On examination of the precordium, the apex beat was located at the 5th intercostal space on the midclavicular line and was normal in character. Parasternal heave was not felt and there were no thrills. First and second heart sounds were heard. There were no murmurs or added heart sounds. On examination of the chest, there was no deformity and chest expansion was equal on both sides. Percussion and tactile vocal fremitus was normal and equal on both sides. On auscultation, vesicular breath sounds were heard throughout all lung fields with good air entry. There was no wheezing or crepitations heard. On examination of the abdomen, it was soft and non-tender. There were no masses felt. Bowel sounds were heard and normal. 4) PROVISIONAL AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES WITH REASONING Provisional Diagnosis Acute myocardial infarction with underlying triple vessel ischemic heart disease and hypertension With a history of diagnosed triple vessel ischemic heart disease with multiple episodes of angina attacks since the initial diagnosis, it is highly likely that Mr. MS is presenting with an acute coronary event and this should be a priority until proven otherwise. This is evidenced by the presentation of central, crushing chest pain of sudden onset that radiated to the neck and associated with profuse sweating and body weakness which is classical of a myocardial infarction. Mr. MS will require immediate investigations such as an electrocardiogram and cardiac enzymes to differentiate the acute coronary syndromes so that the appropriate management may be instituted for him e.g. if he has an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), he will require myocardium-saving thrombolytic therapy to disrupt the ischemic event. As Mr. MS did not present with features such as acute shortness of breath, loss of consciousness and severe palpitations, it seems that he does not have complicati ons of acute myocardial infarction but these developments should be watched out for throughout his admission as complications may arise later. Differential Diagnosis Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary embolism is a possibility that can be considered when a patient presents with an acute chest pain that is accompanied by shortness of breath, hemoptysis, tachypnea, fever and even cyanosis and collapse in severe cases. Furthermore, the chest pain is of a pleuritic nature, of which it is worsened on breathing, and a pleural rub can be heard on auscultation of the chest. However, Mr. MS did not present in such a way. At the same time, Mr. MS did not have risk factors such as a deep vein thrombosis, prolonged immobilization or recent surgery. It is still highly likely that Mr. MS has suffered an acute myocardial infarction, and an ECG would help to differentiate between the two as pulmonary embolism might show the classic S1Q3T3 pattern of right axis deviation or right bundle branch block. Either way, the diagnosis should be made quickly so treatment may be instituted before his condition becomes worse or complications develop. Aortic dissection Aortic dissection presents as an acute onset chest pain that is tearing in nature, and often radiates to the back. It is often confused with myocardial infarction due to its presentation but differences include the lack of profuse sweating, signs of heart pump dysfunction and a normal ECG. Risk factors are usually uncontrolled hypertension, connective tissue disorders or chest trauma. Mr. MS has hypertension, but is under control, and does not have the other risk factors. A diagnosis of myocardial infarction should be the priority as thrombolytic therapy is vital, but if there is any reason to doubt that diagnosis, then further investigations should be performed. 5) IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE THE PROBLEMS 1. Acute chest pain Mr. MS has acute chest pain with features very suggestive of a classical picture of myocardial infarction as he presents with crushing central chest pain that radiates to the neck and associated with profuse sweating and weakness. Given that he is known to have triple vessel ischemic heart disease and that he has suffered many angina attacks since his initial diagnosis, it is highly likely that he is having an acute myocardial infarction. Without further a due, he needs an electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac enzymes tested to distinguish between the different acute coronary syndromes so that the appropriate treatment protocols may be initiated for him as soon as possible to disrupt the ongoing ischemia. As Mr. MS is having severe chest pain that may overstimulate his sympathetic system and cause further ischemia, he will require immediate supportive therapy such as effective pain medication and oxygen therapy. 2. Triple vessel ischemic heart disease awaiting CABG Mr. MS was diagnosed with triple vessel ischemic heart disease when he first presented with chest pain in March 2010 and has since experienced many episodes of angina. Given his diagnosis and disease pattern, he is at a very high risk of developing a severe acute coronary event that may prove fatal if the infarction is too extensive or if complications develop. As percutaneous revascularization with a stent or balloon was not possible for him, he will require a CABG to both relieve his symptoms and reduce his mortality risks in the long term. He was unsure of going ahead with the operation previously, therefore no appointment date was given for surgery. However, now that he has changed his mind, every effort should be made by both the doctors in charge of him here in Hospital Batu Pahat and in the cardiology unit of Hospital Sultanah Aminah to arrange for his surgery as soon as possible, given the circumstances of his condition. 3. Compliance to medication Mr. MS is on several medications for his triple vessel ischemic heart disease and will require revascularization surgery soon in order to decrease his mortality risks. However, waiting for a CABG in the government setting may take some time, even under dire circumstances due to the nature of the system. Therefore, it is extremely crucial that Mr. MS is compliant to his medication regime while awaiting a CABG to prevent another episode of infarction. He should be counseled to fully understand this and the situation of his ischemic heart disease. It is also the responsibility of his doctors to ensure that he is taking the right combination of medications with the aim to prevent another acute cardiac event. Meanwhile, a sufficient supply of sublingual GTN should be provided for Mr. MS in cases of angina attacks at home. He should come to the hospital immediately if GTN fails to relieve his symptoms. 4. Regular screening for comorbid diseases Mr. MS has not been diagnosed with diabetes or hyperlipidemia previously but these diseases are strong risk factors for the long term implications of his ischemic heart disease. Therefore, Mr. MS should be screened regularly e.g. twice yearly during his follow-up appointments. Early detection of diabetes is necessary so that treatment can start as soon as detected in order to prevent his ischemic heart disease from becoming worst than it already is. As for his lipid control, if his lipid profile is found to be outside the normal limits, the dosage of his medication can be increased as necessary. Following his CABG, he will need to maintain a healthy lifestyle of a good, well-balanced, low-salt and low-fat diet and regular exercise within his limits. 6) PLAN OF INVESTIGATION, JUSTIFICATIONS FOR THE SELECTION OF TESTS OR PROCEDURES, AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS 1. Electrocardiogram (ECG) To look for any changes that may indicate an ongoing ischemic event, such as ST elevation or depression and T wave inversion in order to support the diagnosis of an acute myocardial infarction so appropriate treatment can be started. Differentiation of ST segment elevation or depression is also crucial in initiating treatment as thrombolytic therapy is only indicated for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Results: ECG on admission (2 hours after onset) shows sinus rhythm with ST depression at leads I, aVL, V3 V6 with left axis deviation. T wave was present and normal. Interpretation: The ST depression in the leads above indicate an ischemic event at the anterolateral sections of the heart. The lack of ST elevation concludes a diagnosis of either unstable angina or NSTEMI, depending on the levels of cardiac enzymes. There is no sign of old infarction. 2. Cardiac Enzymes To look for elevated levels of cardiac enzymes such as troponin T, creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate transaminase (AST) that will indicate myocardium ischemia and necrosis. If elevated, a diagnosis of NSTEMI can be made in accordance with the ECG changes. However, cardiac enzymes when done too early after onset may not show any rise in levels 1. This does not mean that necrosis has not taken place and the test should be repeated once more at 6 hours after onset 1. Results: Troponin T (4 hours after onset) 2.75ng/ml ↑ (12 hours after onset) (60 hours after onset) Normal Range (U/L) CK 997 ↑ 263 ↑